Things to do for your septic system
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Septic Systems

Septic system

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What is a septic system?
A septic system consists of three main components.
1. The Septic Tank- The septic tank collects all the waste from the house, typically in a concrete tank, and anaerobic bacteria decompose most of the incoming solid waste. The bacteria can only decompose about 70% of the waste that flows into the septic tank. The buildup of this undigestable material is why it is imperative to have your tank pumped on a regular basis. The tank also keeps some of the harmful substances that get flushed from entering the absorption field and potentially contaminating groundwater.

2. The Absorption field-(aka leach field, drain field) The absorption field is typically made of buried perforated pipes that distribute the dirty "gray" water to the soil. The compartments in the absorption field are spread over enough surface area so that the soil can uniformly absorb the gray water.

3. The Soil- The soil is one of the most important components of the septic system, as it acts as a natural filter for the gray water. The soil removes most of the remaining bacteria and toxins from the water before it can reach groundwater. However, when you flush harmful chemicals and poisons down the septic system, the soil cannot remove all the extra synthetic toxins from the gray water before it reaches groundwater. This is how just one home can pollute the groundwater for everyone.

I am not certain if I have a septic system or not, how can I find out?
First check your monthly utility bill, if you are paying a public sewage fee, then you most likely do not have a septic system. However, for a more definitive answer call your local health department. The health department keeps records of all septic systems in the county and can make you a copy of your septic system layout.

How often should I get my septic tank pumped?
Every tank should at least be inspected every 1-2 years and pumped every 2-4 years. Regular inspection may save you from ending up with a messy situation and an expensive fix.

How long will my septic system last?
Your septic system should last at least 20-30 years or more with regular pumping and proper care.

How can I prolong the life of my septic system?
Prolonging the life of your septic system starts with a few simple steps
1. Be Conservative- Reduce the amount of water your household uses. Fix leaky toilets, dripping faucets, and avoid washing several loads of clothes on the same day. You can also reduce the amount of water you use by installing new water efficient plumbing fixtures. Performing these minor changes not only helps the environment, but also takes an incredible strain off of your septic system.

2. Be Conscientious- Watch what you throw down the drain. Items like diapers, cat litter, grease, and feminine products can lead to system clogs. Other items such as gasoline, oil, pesticides, antibiotics, paint, and household cleaning chemicals can damage the naturally occurring biological reactions within the septic tank and can bleed through the soil and contaminate the groundwater.

3. Be Cautious- Remember you have a septic system and roughly where it is located in your yard. Never drive or park heavy equipment or vehicles over your septic tank or absorption field. The pressure can damage pipes and compact the soil to the point that it is not able to absorb the gray water coming from the septic tank. Also do not plant trees or shrubs directly over your system, as the roots can also damage pipes make your absorption field less efficient. Grass is the only thing you should allow to grow over your absorption field as the shallow roots help absorb excess water near the surface.

4. Be Aware- Acknowledge the fact that your system was designed and built specifically for your house. If you add rooms on to the house or the number of permanent occupants of the house increases you may put your septic system under stress, which will eventually cause it to fail. Also diverting storm drains and gutters into the absorption field will over saturate the soil, which will eventually cause back flow. As always, check with your local county government before making any additions or changes to your home to ensure they are safe.

Why shouldn't I use a garbage disposal with a septic system?
The fats, oils, and extra solids that end up in in your septic tank can lead to clogs or frequent pumps.

If I have a septic system, can I still use drain cleaners to unclog my drains?
While the occasional use of drain cleaners may not significantly damage your septic system, it is suggested that you use tools such as a plunger or auger to clear the clogs. If the problem persists though, contact your local plumbing professional.

Should I use additives to improve my septic system's performance?
Additives can save you from costly repairs and frequent pumps if applied properly. Often times improper application of septic additives cause more damage to your system and leads to even more costly repairs. Either schedule an appointment for one of our trained technicians to administer the septic treatment or ask one of our professionals how to properly use additives.

How do I know if my septic system is failing?
A few of the possible* symptoms of a failing system are:

  • Sinks and tubs that drain slowly and gurgle.
  • Wet or spongy ground near the septic tank or drain field.
  • Excessively green grass near your septic system.
  • Bad odors in your yard and home.

*These are just a few symptoms and may not always be indicative of a failing or problematic septic system.

I would like more information about septic systems.

You can get specific information about your system from your local enviromental health department. Department numbers can be found here
You can also follow some of these links for useful information: